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Molybdenum

Supplement trace mineral general nutrition
Aka: sodium molybdate, molybdenum glycinate
Brands seen in Singapore: California Gold Nutrition, Seeking Health, Codeage, KAL, Swanson Vitamins
Third-party tested: Seeking Health, Codeage certify other products with NSF Certified for Sport, but nothing for molybdenum.Certification is granted per product, so check the tub you actually own. Not being listed is not the same as failing.
Not medical advice. Check with your doctor or pharmacist before you start, stop or change the timing of anything you take.
How to use
What it’s for
Cofactor for four enzymes; deficiency has not been reported
Pros & cons
Pros
  • RDA is 45 mcg — legumes, grains and nuts cover it
  • No known clinically relevant drug interactions
  • Excreted rapidly in urine in healthy people
Cons
  • NIH ODS: not a standard treatment for any disease
  • SG listings of 400–500 mcg sit above HSA's 0.36 mg cap
  • High-molybdenum areas: achy joints, gout-like symptoms
Sources
  1. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: March 30, 2021), Introduction · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Molybdenum is a structural constituent of molybdopterin, a cofactor synthesized by the body and required for the function of four enzymes: sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and mitochondrial amidoxime reducing component (mARC).”
  2. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Table 1 RDAs, 19+ years · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Table 1: Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for Molybdenum … 19+ years 45 mcg 45 mcg 50 mcg 50 mcg”
  3. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Daily Value · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “The DV for molybdenum is 45 mcg for adults and children age 4 years and older”
  4. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Sources of Molybdenum · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Legumes are the richest sources of molybdenum. Other foods high in molybdenum include whole grains, nuts, and beef liver.”
  5. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Dietary supplements · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Amounts range from about 50 mcg to 500 mcg. Forms of molybdenum in dietary supplements include molybdenum chloride, sodium molybdate, molybdenum glycinate, and molybdenum amino acid chelate.”
  6. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Molybdenum Deficiency and Groups at Risk · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Molybdenum deficiency has not been reported, except in people with a genetic mutation that prevents the synthesis of molybdopterin … No known groups of people are likely to have inadequate molybdenum intakes.”
  7. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Molybdenum and Health · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Molybdenum is not a standard treatment for any disease or disorder.”
  8. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Health Risks from Excessive Molybdenum · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “In healthy people, consumption of a diet high in molybdenum usually does not pose a health risk because the molybdenum is rapidly excreted in urine … achy joints, gout-like symptoms, and abnormally high blood levels of uric acid”
  9. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Table 3 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Given the absence of human studies, the FNB established ULs for molybdenum for healthy individuals based on levels associated with impaired reproduction and fetal development in rats and mice … 19+ years 2,000 mcg”
  10. NIH ODS — Molybdenum Fact Sheet (March 30, 2021), Interactions with Medications · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “Molybdenum has no known, clinically relevant, interactions with medications.”
  11. HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines (January 2026), clause 4.8 + Table 5 Minerals Limits · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5 … Molybdenum 0.36 mg”
  12. HSA Singapore — Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in HS and TM, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. 001 (Oct 2025), Annex A row 70 · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “70. Molybdenum — Restricted use in HS and TM — Maximum Daily Dose: When for oral use by general adult population, the maximum recommended daily dose should not provide more than 0.36mg”
  13. iHerb Singapore — Molybdenum category page, default “Featured” order, 10 results (brands taken from positions 1–5) · read 2026-08-27
    what it says
    “California Gold Nutrition, N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine with Selenium & Molybdenum … Seeking Health, Molybdenum, 500 mcg … Codeage, Full Spectrum Binder+ … KAL, Molybdenum Amino Acid Chelate, 250 mcg … Swanson Vitamins, Albion Molybdenum, 400 mcg”
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Updated 2026-08-30. Every line above traces to a numbered source. Kozen-X is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. It lists what published sources have written down — nothing more. A pair not listed is unrecorded, not cleared. Before you start, stop or re-time anything, talk to your doctor or pharmacist.