{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"valerian","kind":"supplement","name":"valerian","aliases":["Valeriana officinalis","valerian root"],"brands_sg":["NOW Foods","Swanson Vitamins","Nutricost","Nature's Way","Nature's Answer"],"class":"botanical","tags":["sleep"],"use_for":"sold as a mild sleep aid · trial evidence is inconclusive","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":null,"pros":["few adverse events reported in clinical trials","side effects in trials also showed up on placebo","trial doses sat around 400–900 mg of extract"],"cons":["evidence for insomnia is inconclusive (nih ods)","900 mg left some people sleepier the next morning","additive effects with sedatives are possible"],"dose_note":"nih ods describes clinical studies using 400 mg of an aqueous extract, 450 or 900 mg of an aqueous valerian extract, and 600 mg of a standardised commercial preparation of dried valerian root; no rda, ul or fda daily value exists for valerian, and hsa's tables 4–5 cover vitamins and minerals only, so no sg daily maximum applies","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["pregnant or nursing — ods: not without medical advice","children under 3 — ods says they should not take valerian","on sedatives or other cns depressants — additive effects possible","singapore: not listed in hsa annex a or b, which is not a safety clearance"],"clashes":[{"src":["ods_valerian_cautions"],"note":"ods: additive therapeutic and adverse effects if taken together","with":"sedatives, benzodiazepines and other cns depressants"},{"src":["ods_valerian_cautions"],"note":"ods names herbs and other medicines in the same additive-effect line","with":"certain herbs and other medications"}],"sources":[{"id":"ods_valerian","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Valerian-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Valerian fact sheet (Health Professional)","quote":"Valerian is a common ingredient in products promoted as mild sedatives and sleep aids for nervous tension and insomnia … Evidence from clinical studies of the efficacy of valerian in treating sleep disorders such as insomnia is inconclusive.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ods_valerian_safety","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Valerian-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Valerian fact sheet (Health Professional), safety section","quote":"Few adverse events attributable to valerian have been reported for clinical study participants. Headaches, dizziness, pruritus, and gastrointestinal disturbances are the most common effects reported in clinical trials but similar effects were also reported for the placebo.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ods_valerian_dose","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Valerian-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Valerian fact sheet (Health Professional), doses used in clinical studies","quote":"450 or 900 mg of an aqueous valerian extract … 600 mg of a standardized commercial preparation of dried valerian root … In one study an increase in sleepiness was noted the morning after 900 mg of valerian was taken.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ods_valerian_cautions","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Valerian-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Valerian fact sheet (Health Professional), interactions and special populations","quote":"Valerian might have additive therapeutic and adverse effects if taken with sedatives, other medications, or certain herbs … Women who are pregnant or nursing should not take valerian without medical advice … Children younger than 3 years old should not take valerian","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr_notlisted","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 (Oct 2025), Annex A/B — searched, no row for this ingredient","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_limits","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines (January 2026), clause 4.8 and Tables 4–5 (vitamins and minerals only)","quote":"HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/valerian","label":"iHerb Singapore — Supplements > Herbs > Valerian category page, default order (1 - 47 of 47 results); first 5 distinct brands: NOW Foods, Swanson Vitamins, Nutricost, Nature's Way, Nature's Answer","quote":"NOW Foods, Valerian Root, 500 mg, 250 Veg Capsules … Swanson Vitamins, Full Spectrum® Valerian, Chamomile & Hops … Nutricost, Valerian Root, 120 Capsules … Nature's Way, Valerian Root, 180 Vegan Capsules … Nature's Answer, Valerian Root Fluid Extract, Alcohol-Free","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:33.302383+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}