{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"turkey-tail","kind":"supplement","name":"turkey tail","aliases":["Trametes versicolor","PSK","PSP","yun zhi"],"brands_sg":["California Gold Nutrition","Host Defense","Swanson Vitamins","Real Mushrooms","Nutricost"],"class":"mushroom","tags":["immune"],"use_for":"immune claims — trials are in cancer care, not general use","use_after":"daily","use_duration":"the seven pooled trials ran 4 weeks to 3 years","take_with":null,"pros":["cochrane pooled 7 rcts, 1,569 people with bowel cancer","5-year survival edged up: rr 1.08, low certainty","a phase i trial reported good tolerability"],"cons":["certainty on side-effect outcomes: very low","every trial used an extract (psk), given after surgery","unclear if harms came from chemo or the extract"],"dose_note":"the seven rcts pooled by cochrane in 2022 all used a coriolus extract (polysaccharide-krestin, psk), generally after curative resection, for four weeks to three years, in people already receiving chemotherapy for colorectal cancer; no dose for general use is established, and the review rates certainty on every adverse-event outcome as very low","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["on chemotherapy or an egfr-tki — reviewers flag herb-drug interaction risk for yunzhi via drug transporters and cytochrome p450 enzymes","the human evidence sourced here is in colorectal cancer patients, not healthy adults","not listed in hsa's annex a/b — hsa says that list is not exhaustive"],"clashes":[{"src":["lingzhi_yunzhi2025"],"note":"a 2025 review flags herb-drug interaction risk when yunzhi is taken as an adjuvant, involving drug transporters and cytochrome p450 enzymes","with":"cytotoxic chemotherapy and egfr-targeted cancer drugs"}],"sources":[{"id":"cochrane2022_scope","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9707730","label":"Coriolus (Trametes) versicolor mushroom to reduce adverse effects from chemotherapy or radiotherapy in people with colorectal cancer (Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022) — scope","quote":"We included seven parallel RCTs (1569 participants). Six studies (1516 participants) were conducted in Japan and one study (53 participants) in China.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cochrane2022_certainty","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9707730","label":"Cochrane 2022 Coriolus versicolor review — certainty of evidence on adverse events","quote":"We found very low-certainty evidence of little to no effect of adjunctive treatment with Coriolus (in the form of an extract, polysaccharide-Krestin, PSK) on withdrawal from treatment due to adverse events","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cochrane2022_survival","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9707730","label":"Cochrane 2022 Coriolus versicolor review — survival outcome","quote":"We found low-certainty evidence of a small effect of adjunctive Coriolus on improved survival at five years compared with no adjunctive care (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.15; 1094 participants; 3 studies","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cochrane2022_uncertain","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9707730","label":"Cochrane 2022 Coriolus versicolor review — authors' conclusions","quote":"The uncertainty in the evidence also means that it was unclear whether any adverse events were due to the chemotherapy or to the extract itself.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cochrane2022_duration","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC9707730","label":"Cochrane 2022 Coriolus versicolor review — form and duration of the intervention","quote":"Coriolus was used in the form of an extract in all seven studies and was generally used after curative resection … Duration of treatment with the extract varied between four weeks and three years.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cv_breast2025","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12564590","label":"Exploring the Anticancer Potential of Coriolus versicolor in Breast Cancer: A Review (Curr Issues Mol Biol 2025)","quote":"A systematic PubMed search identified 11 original studies from 2010 to 2025 … One phase I clinical trial also reported good tolerability and immunological benefits in patients post-chemotherapy.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"lingzhi_yunzhi2025","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12298319","label":"Recent Advances in the Use of Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor Mushrooms to Enhance the Anticancer Efficacy of EGFR-Targeted Drugs in Lung Cancer (Pharmaceutics 2025) — herb-drug interactions","quote":"The potential risk of herb-drug interactions could become critical when cancer patients take Lingzhi/Yunzhi as adjuvants during cancer therapy. The involvement of drug transporters and cytochrome P450 enzymes in these herb-drug interactions is summarized.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr_notlisted","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (Oct 2025), Annex A/B — searched, no row for this ingredient","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/turkey-tail","label":"iHerb Singapore — Turkey Tail category (default order, 26 results); first 5 distinct brands: California Gold Nutrition, Host Defense, Swanson Vitamins, Real Mushrooms, Nutricost","quote":"California Gold Nutrition, Fungiology®, Certified Organic Turkey Tail Powder … Host Defense, Mushrooms™, Turkey Tail, 120 Capsules … Swanson Vitamins, Turkey Tail Mushroom, 120 Capsules … Real Mushrooms, Turkey Tail … Nutricost, Turkey Tail Mushroom","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":[{"brand":"Real Mushrooms","example":null,"programme":"NSF Certified for Sport","matching_products":0,"brand_total_certified":1}],"updated_at":"2026-08-30T17:59:38.376296+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}