{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"selenium","kind":"supplement","name":"selenium","aliases":["selenomethionine","sodium selenite"],"brands_sg":["NOW Foods","Life Extension","California Gold Nutrition","Thorne","Swanson Vitamins"],"class":"mineral","tags":["immune","general"],"use_for":"thyroid hormone metabolism, dna synthesis, antioxidant role","use_after":"timing not addressed by nih ods · no food rule given","use_duration":null,"take_with":"water · up to ~90% absorbed from the common supplement forms","pros":["small daily need: rda 55 mcg for adults","hsa allows thyroid, nail and antioxidant claims","one brazil nut carries 68–91 mcg"],"cons":["ul 400 mcg a day; excess: hair loss, brittle nails","trials don't back it for cancer, heart or cognition","hsa caps sg supplements at 0.2 mg (200 mcg) a day"],"dose_note":"rda 55 mcg a day for adults (60 mcg pregnancy, 70 mcg lactation); ul 400 mcg a day from all sources, set on selenosis (garlic breath, metallic taste, hair and nail loss); fda daily value 55 mcg; hsa caps general-adult health supplements in singapore at 0.2 mg (200 mcg) a day; sg iherb listings run 100–200 mcg a tablet, at or under the cap","dosage":{"ul":400,"unit":"mcg","fda_dv":55,"rda_ai":55,"ul_status":"established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":200},"ul_status":"established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["on cisplatin chemotherapy — named under drug interactions by nih ods; ask your oncology team","kidney dialysis — hemodialysis removes some selenium; ask your doctor","over 400 mcg a day — above the ul; selenosis risk; only under a doctor's care","living with hiv — nih ods lists low selenium status as common; ask your doctor"],"clashes":[{"src":["nih_ods_se_drugs"],"note":"listed under 'interactions with medications' by nih ods; effect on selenium levels discussed there","with":"cisplatin (chemotherapy)"}],"sources":[{"id":"nih_ods_se_intro","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Selenium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Selenium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: September 4, 2025) — Introduction + Table 1 RDAs","quote":"[selenoproteins that play critical roles in] thyroid hormone metabolism, DNA synthesis, reproduction, and protection from oxidative damage and infection … [RDA, 19–50 years] 55 mcg (male), 55 mcg (female), 60 mcg (pregnancy), 70 mcg (lactation)","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_se_supp","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Selenium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Selenium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: September 4, 2025) — Dietary Supplements + Sources of Selenium","quote":"selenomethionine, selenium-enriched yeast … sodium selenite, and sodium selenate … up to about 90% of selenium from selenomethionine, selenium-enriched yeast, selenite, and selenate … Brazil nuts contain particularly high amounts of selenium … 68–91 mcg per nut","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_se_health","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Selenium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Selenium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: September 4, 2025) — Selenium and Health — cancer (SELECT) + cardiovascular disease","quote":"selenium supplementation did not reduce the risk of prostate cancer … clinical trial evidence does not support the use of selenium supplementation for reducing the risk of CVD","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_se_health2","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Selenium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Selenium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: September 4, 2025) — Selenium and Health — thyroid disease + cognitive decline","quote":"more research is needed to understand the role of selenium supplements in thyroid disease … clinical evidence does not support the use of selenium supplementation … for reducing the risk of cognitive decline","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_se_risk","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Selenium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Selenium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: September 4, 2025) — Health Risks from Excessive Selenium + Table 3 ULs","quote":"garlic odor in the breath and a metallic taste in the mouth … hair loss and nail brittleness or loss … skin rash, nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, irritability, and nervous system abnormalities … [UL, 19–50 years] 400 mcg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_se_drugs","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Selenium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Selenium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: September 4, 2025) — Interactions with Medications + Groups at Risk of Selenium Inadequacy","quote":"Cisplatin, an inorganic platinum chemotherapy agent, is used to treat ovarian, bladder, lung, and other cancers … hemodialysis removes some selenium from the blood … People living with HIV often have low selenium concentrations","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"fda_dv","url":"https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-facts-label/daily-value-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels","label":"FDA — Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels, Reference Guide: Daily Values for Nutrients (content current as of 03/05/2024)","quote":"DVs are the recommended amounts of nutrients to consume or not to exceed each day … Selenium 55mcg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_limits","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), clause 4.8 + Table 5 Minerals Limits","quote":"4.8 HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5 … Table 5: Minerals Limits … Selenium 0.2 mg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_claims","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), List of Health Claims (vitamins and minerals)","quote":"7. Maintain/support healthy thyroid gland function • Iodine, selenium … 12. Contribute to maintenance of normal nails • Selenium, zinc … 33. Contribute to protection of cells from oxidative stress • Copper, selenium, manganese, zinc","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_prohibited_2025","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (October 2025), Annex A","quote":"93. Selenium — Restricted use in HS and TM — Maximum Daily Dose: When for oral use by general adult population, the maximum recommended daily dose should not provide more than 0.2mg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/selenium","label":"iHerb Singapore — Selenium category page (Supplements > Minerals > Selenium), default order, 79 results — positions 1, 2, 4, 5, 7","quote":"NOW Foods, Selenium, 100 mcg, 100 Tablets … Life Extension, Super Selenium Complex & Vitamin E … California Gold Nutrition, Selenium, Yeast-Free, 200 mcg, 180 Veggie Capsules … Thorne, Selenium, 200 mcg, 60 Capsules … Swanson Vitamins, Albion® Selenium, 200 mcg","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":[{"brand":"Thorne","example":null,"programme":"NSF Certified for Sport","matching_products":0,"brand_total_certified":66}],"updated_at":"2026-08-30T17:59:36.026222+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}