{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"sea-buckthorn","kind":"supplement","name":"sea buckthorn","aliases":["Hippophae rhamnoides","seabuckthorn"],"brands_sg":["SeaBuckWonders","Swanson Vitamins","Vitacost","Source Naturals","Solaray"],"class":"botanical oil","tags":["skin-hair","immune"],"use_for":"skin and mucosal barrier claims — mostly preclinical","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":null,"pros":["long used in traditional medicine for barrier repair","small trials in dermatitis and burns read positive","flavonoids, unsaturated fats, vitamins, carotenoids"],"cons":["limited human evidence — small, unblinded, short trials","composition varies by plant part and origin","not in hsa's annex a/b — that list is not exhaustive"],"dose_note":"no rda or upper limit is set for it; the review notes composition varies by plant part and geographical origin, and the 400–450 mg per capsule shown on sg listings are label strengths, not studied doses","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["efficacy and long-term safety are called not yet definitive","small samples, weak blinding and short follow-up in the trials","not listed in hsa's annex a/b — not the same as cleared"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"sbt_barrier","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12644098","label":"The role of sea buckthorn in skin and mucosal health: a review from an anti-inflammatory perspective (Song et al., Front Pharmacol 2025) — abstract","quote":"a plant long utilized in traditional medicine, has recently garnered scientific attention for its therapeutic potential in enhancing barrier integrity","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"sbt_compounds","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12644098","label":"Song et al., Front Pharmacol 2025 — bioactive compounds","quote":"Modern studies reveal that its bioactive compounds—including flavonoids, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and carotenoids—exert multifaceted pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and tissue-repair properties","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"sbt_gap","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12644098","label":"Song et al., Front Pharmacol 2025 — state of the clinical evidence","quote":"although small-scale clinical trials for conditions like AD and burn healing have reported positive outcomes, these studies are often constrained by limitations such as small sample sizes, lack of rigorous blinding, and short follow-up periods","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"sbt_need","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12644098","label":"Song et al., Front Pharmacol 2025 — what is still missing","quote":"there is an urgent need for large-scale, multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials to robustly validate the efficacy and long-term safety of sea buckthorn preparations","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"sbt_variability","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12644098","label":"Song et al., Front Pharmacol 2025 — standardisation problem","quote":"The content and ratio of its active components (such as flavonoids, fatty acids, vitamins) vary significantly depending on the plant part (e.g., fruit, seed, leaf) and geographical origin","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr_notlisted","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev 001 (Oct 2025), Annex A/B — searched, no row for this ingredient","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/sea-buckthorn","label":"iHerb Singapore — Sea Buckthorn Oils & Supplements category (default order, 1 - 18 of 18 results)","quote":"SeaBuckWonders, Pure Himalayan Sea Buckthorn Oil … Swanson Vitamins, Full Spectrum® Sea Buckthorn, 60 Capsules (400 mg per Capsule) … Vitacost, Sea Buckthorn Oil, 450 mg … Source Naturals, Omega-7, Sea Buckthorn Fruit Oil … Solaray, Sea Buckthorn","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:31.341231+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}