{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"rhodiola","kind":"supplement","name":"rhodiola","aliases":["Rhodiola rosea","golden root","arctic root"],"brands_sg":["California Gold Nutrition","Swanson Vitamins","NOW Foods","Life Extension","Thorne"],"class":"herb / adaptogen","tags":["energy","cognitive"],"use_for":"limited human evidence — physical and mental fatigue","use_after":"daily","use_duration":"trials 3 days–5 weeks · nccih: possibly safe ≤12 wk","take_with":null,"pros":["3 of 5 mental-fatigue rcts positive (ishaque 2012)","few, mild side effects: 5 events in 446 trial subjects","nccih: possibly safe for up to 12 weeks"],"cons":["nccih: not enough reliable evidence for any purpose","all 11 trials at high or unclear risk of bias","dizziness, headache, insomnia, dry mouth reported"],"dose_note":"trials of rhodiola-only products use 50–660 mg per capsule, up to a maximum of 1,500 mg a day; trials reporting a positive effect used 200 and 680 mg a day for physical performance and 100–576 mg a day for mental fatigue; most products are standardised to rosavin and/or salidroside; the evidence is contradictory and no dose is established","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["pregnancy or breastfeeding — little safety data; most trials excluded them","under 18 — no trials in children (ishaque 2012)","depression — nccih: can be a serious illness; a health care provider first"],"clashes":[{"src":["nccih_rhodiola_interactions"],"note":"nccih: interactions have been reported","with":"losartan (blood pressure medicine)"},{"src":["ishaque2012_stim"],"note":"ishaque 2012: may have an additive effect with substances with stimulant properties","with":"stimulants"}],"sources":[{"id":"nccih_rhodiola","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/rhodiola","label":"NCCIH — Rhodiola: Usefulness and Safety (How Much Do We Know; last updated April 2025)","quote":"There isn't enough reliable evidence to determine whether rhodiola or its components are useful for any health-related purpose. Most of the research in people is of low-to-moderate quality","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_rhodiola_uses","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/rhodiola","label":"NCCIH — Rhodiola (Background: traditional and promoted uses)","quote":"Traditionally, rhodiola was used for work performance, endurance, fatigue, depression, and altitude sickness. Today, rhodiola is promoted for improving athletic performance, mood, and cognition; increasing energy; and reducing stress","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_rhodiola_safety","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/rhodiola","label":"NCCIH — Rhodiola (What Do We Know About Safety)","quote":"Rhodiola is possibly safe for up to 12 weeks. Side effects may include dizziness, headache, insomnia, and either dry mouth or excessive saliva production","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_rhodiola_interactions","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/rhodiola","label":"NCCIH — Rhodiola (Safety: interactions)","quote":"Interactions between rhodiola and losartan (a drug used for high blood pressure) have been reported","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_rhodiola_who","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/rhodiola","label":"NCCIH — Rhodiola (Safety: pregnancy; Keep in Mind: depression)","quote":"Little is known about whether it's safe to use rhodiola during pregnancy or while breastfeeding … Depression can be a serious illness. If you or someone in your family may have depression, consult a health care provider","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Rhodiola rosea for physical and mental fatigue: a systematic review (Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012) — results","quote":"Of 206 articles identified in the search, 11 met inclusion criteria … Two of six trials examining physical fatigue in healthy populations report R. rosea to be effective as did three of five RCTs evaluating R. rosea for mental fatigue","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_bias","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — risk of bias and conclusion","quote":"All of the included studies exhibit either a high risk of bias or have reporting flaws that hinder assessment of their true validity (unclear risk of bias) … Research regarding R. rosea efficacy is contradictory","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_safety","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — adverse effects","quote":"Out of 446 subjects examined in the 11 included clinical studies, five adverse events were mentioned in three studies … There appear to be few side effects associated with R. rosea supplementation; those identified are of a mild nature","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_stim","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — discussion (interactions)","quote":"Although no contraindications with other herbal or prescription medications have been identified, it is important to consider that R. rosea may have an additive effect with other substances exhibiting stimulant properties","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_dose","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — dose range across trials","quote":"Clinical studies report R. rosea-only products ranging in dose from 50 mg to 660 mg per capsule, to a maximum of 1500 mg/day","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_dose_effect","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — doses in trials reporting an effect","quote":"Studies reporting a positive effect of R. rosea on physical performance reported doses of 200 mg/day and 680 mg/day and those reporting a positive effect on mental fatigue reported doses between 100–576 mg/day","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_std","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — active constituents","quote":"most preparations of R. rosea are standardized to specific levels of marker compounds rosavin, salidroside or both","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_duration","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — Table 1 regimens (shortest and longest)","quote":"1500 mg/day RR for 3 days before exercise test + 1000 mg on day of test … 4 Verum tablets/day for 28 days … Regimen: for 30 days before and 6 days after exhausting physical exercise","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"ishaque2012_pop","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC3541197","label":"Ishaque et al., BMC Complement Altern Med 2012 — populations not studied","quote":"No studies in this review specifically included pediatric populations or pregnant or lactating women. As well, pregnant or lactating women were explicitly excluded from the majority of clinical studies","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_prohibited_2025","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev 001 (Oct 2025)","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list [Rhodiola rosea not listed in Annex A or B]","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/rhodiola","label":"iHerb Singapore — Rhodiola category (SG$ pricing, default order)","quote":"California Gold Nutrition, Rhodiola Extract, 500 mg … Swanson Vitamins, Full Spectrum® Rhodiola Rosea Root, 400 mg … NOW Foods, Rhodiola, 500 mg … Life Extension, Rhodiola Extract, 250 mg … Thorne, Rhodiola, 60 Capsules (100 mg per Capsule)","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":[{"brand":"Thorne","example":null,"programme":"NSF Certified for Sport","matching_products":0,"brand_total_certified":66}],"updated_at":"2026-08-30T17:59:38.376296+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}