{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"peppermint","kind":"supplement","name":"peppermint","aliases":["peppermint oil","Mentha piperita","enteric-coated peppermint"],"brands_sg":["NOW Foods","Natural Factors","Nature's Way","Mason Natural","Frontier Co-op"],"class":"botanical","tags":["gut"],"use_for":"ibs symptoms — enteric-coated oil capsules in small trials","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":"enteric-coated capsules may cut reflux and indigestion","pros":["2022 review of 10 studies: better than placebo for ibs","a 2021 acg guideline recommends it for ibs symptoms","nccih: safely used in multiple clinical trials"],"cons":["more side effects than placebo in the 2022 review","alone it may worsen indigestion in some people","menthol on an infant's face can affect breathing"],"dose_note":"nccih reports that a 2022 review of 10 studies in 1,030 participants found peppermint oil better than placebo for overall ibs symptoms and abdominal pain but with more side effects, mostly mild acid reflux and indigestion, and that a 2021 american college of gastroenterology guideline recommends peppermint oil for overall ibs symptom relief with enteric-coated formulations to limit those side effects; nccih gives no milligram figure, so none is stated here; peppermint products listed on iherb singapore include enteric-coated softgels, a 50 mg peppermint oil and peppermint leaf; no rda, upper limit, fda daily value or hsa singapore daily limit exists for peppermint","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["infants and young children — menthol on the face may affect breathing","reflux or heartburn — oral peppermint oil can cause heartburn and nausea","pregnancy or breastfeeding in medicinal amounts — little is known","not listed in hsa's prohibited or restricted annexes — that is not a safety finding"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"nccih_pep_ibs","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/peppermint-oil","label":"NIH NCCIH — Peppermint Oil, last updated May 2025, What Have We Learned (IBS)","quote":"A 2022 review of 10 studies (involving 1,030 participants) found that peppermint oil was better than placebo at improving overall IBS symptoms and reducing abdominal pain but caused more side effects than placebo.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_pep_acg","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/peppermint-oil","label":"NIH NCCIH — Peppermint Oil, American College of Gastroenterology 2021 guideline","quote":"A 2021 clinical guideline from the American College of Gastroenterology recommended the use of peppermint oil for relief of overall IBS symptoms and noted that enteric-coated formulations might help with acid reflux and indigestion side effects.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_pep_dyspepsia","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/peppermint-oil","label":"NIH NCCIH — Peppermint Oil, indigestion","quote":"there isn't any evidence showing that taking peppermint oil alone can help. In fact, peppermint oil taken alone may worsen indigestion in some people and cause unwanted side effects.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_pep_safety","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/peppermint-oil","label":"NIH NCCIH — Peppermint Oil, What Do We Know About Safety","quote":"Peppermint oil has been safely used in multiple clinical trials. Possible side effects of peppermint oil taken orally include heartburn, nausea, abdominal pain, and dry mouth … Capsules containing peppermint oil are often enteric-coated to reduce the likelihood of heartburn.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_pep_infant","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/peppermint-oil","label":"NIH NCCIH — Peppermint Oil, infants and young children","quote":"Peppermint oil should not be applied to the face of infants or young children because serious side effects may occur if they inhale the menthol in the oil.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_pep_preg","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/peppermint-oil","label":"NIH NCCIH — Peppermint Oil, pregnancy and breastfeeding","quote":"Use of oral peppermint in amounts commonly found in food is likely safe during pregnancy or while breastfeeding, but little is known about whether it's safe to use oral peppermint in medicinal amounts","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_prohibited","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (Oct 2025), Annex A (118 rows) and Annex B (4 rows) — peppermint / Mentha piperita / menthol NOT LISTED in either annex","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_claims","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), clause 6.6 and Table 6 (prohibited claims) — Digestive system row: Ulcers, gastritis, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, fatty liver, diarrhoea, constipation, inflammation of the intestines, liver or pancreas","quote":"HS must not be labelled, advertised or promoted for any specific medicinal purpose, i.e. treatment or prevention, implied or otherwise, of any disease or disorder … Digestive system: Ulcers, gastritis, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, fatty liver","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_limits","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), clause 4.8 with Tables 4-5 (vitamins and minerals only — no botanical rows)","quote":"4.8 HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/peppermint","label":"iHerb Singapore — Peppermint Supplements category page, default listing order","quote":"1 - 25 of 25 results … NOW Foods, Peppermint Gels … Natural Factors, Peppermint + Oregano Oil Complex, Enteric Coated Softgels … Nature's Way, Pepogest, Peppermint Oil … Mason Natural, Peppermint Oil, 50 mg … Frontier Co-op, Peppermint Leaf","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:27.496708+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}