{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"parsley","kind":"supplement","name":"parsley","aliases":["Petroselinum crispum"],"brands_sg":["Micro Ingredients","Swanson Vitamins","Nature's Way","Nature's Truth","Solaray"],"class":"botanical","tags":["general"],"use_for":"traditional diuretic and stomach tonic — data preclinical","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":null,"pros":["long traditional use as a diuretic and stomach tonic","animal and cell studies report antioxidant effects","limited human studies: modest urinary changes"],"cons":["reviewers report a big lack in clinical evidence","high-dose safety requires further investigation","sg bars kidney and urinary-tract claims (table 6)"],"dose_note":"neither review reports a human dose. the 2024 pharmacology review states that parsley's activities are shown in animal and cell-based studies and that there is 'a big lack in clinical evidence', recommending future clinical trials; the 2024 renal review reports only limited human studies with modest improvements in urinary composition and renal health markers, and calls for robust clinical trials, long-term safety evaluations and standardised methodologies. no rda, ul or fda daily value exists for parsley, and hsa's tables 4–5 cover vitamins and minerals only, so no sg daily maximum applies","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["pregnancy — the renal review lists safety during pregnancy as needing further investigation","high doses — the renal review says the safety profile at high doses is not established","potential herb-drug interactions are named as an open question, not as documented interactions","singapore: not listed in hsa annex a or b, which is not a safety clearance"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"bahramsoltani2024","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/38189231","label":"Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss (Parsley): An Updated Review of the Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology (Bahramsoltani R, Ahmadian R, Daglia M, Rahimi R; J Agric Food Chem 2024; PMID 38189231)","quote":"Parsley is traditionally used as a diuretic, liver and stomach tonic, and for urolithiasis and indigestion … there is a big lack in clinical evidence.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"alobaidi2024","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/39735703","label":"Renal health benefits and therapeutic effects of parsley (Petroselinum crispum): a review (Alobaidi S; Front Med 2024; PMID 39735703)","quote":"limited human studies revealed modest improvements in urinary composition and renal health markers. However, parsley's safety profile, particularly at high doses, requires further investigation, including potential herb-drug interactions and safety during pregnancy.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_table6","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines (January 2026), Table 6: Examples of Diseases/Conditions/Disorders Not Allowed for Health Supplements","quote":"Renal system — Kidney stones, renal failure, nephritis, urinary tract infection, incontinence, cystitis","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr_notlisted","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines (Oct 2025), Annex A (118 rows, Abrus to Zinc) and Annex B (4 rows) — both searched, no row for this ingredient","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_limits","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines (January 2026), clause 4.8 and Tables 4–5 (vitamins and minerals only)","quote":"HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/parsley","label":"iHerb Singapore — Parsley Supplements category page, default order (1 - 10 of 10 results); first 5 distinct brands: Micro Ingredients, Swanson Vitamins, Nature's Way, Nature's Truth, Solaray","quote":"Micro Ingredients, Chlorophyll … Swanson Vitamins, Parsley … Nature's Way, Parsley Leaf … Nature's Truth, Odorless Garlic Plus Parsley … Solaray, True Herbs, Parsley Leaf","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:27.496708+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}