{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"papain","kind":"supplement","name":"papain","aliases":["papaya enzyme"],"brands_sg":["California Gold Nutrition","NOW Foods","Enzymedica","Doctor's Best","21st Century"],"class":"proteolytic enzyme","tags":["gut"],"use_for":"papaya-latex protease sold inside digestive blends","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":null,"pros":["efsa: no safety concern as a food-processing enzyme"],"cons":["papain and chymopapain are known food allergens","efsa could not rule out allergic reactions from diet","limited human evidence — no efficacy review found"],"dose_note":null,"dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["papain and chymopapain are known food allergens; allergic reactions on dietary exposure cannot be excluded","sequence matches were found to 6 food and 8 respiratory allergens","not named in hsa's prohibited/restricted annex — that list is not exhaustive","hsa does not approve health supplements before sale in singapore"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"efsa_papain_id","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12951539","label":"EFSA — Safety evaluation of the food enzyme papain, a cysteine endopeptidase complex from the latex of Carica papaya L. (EFSA Journal, 2026) — identity","quote":"a cysteine endopeptidase complex, containing papain (EC 3.4.22.2), chymopapain (EC 3.4.22.6), caricain (EC 3.4.22.30) and glycyl endopeptidase (EC 3.4.22.25), obtained from the latex of unripe Carica papaya L.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"efsa_papain","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12951539","label":"EFSA — Safety evaluation of the food enzyme papain (EFSA Journal, 2026) — allergenicity and conclusion","quote":"papain and chymopapain are known food allergens … identified matches with six food and eight respiratory allergens … a risk of allergic reactions … cannot be excluded … does not give rise to safety concerns","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Guidelines on prohibited and restricted ingredients in HS and TM (GL-CHPB-1-012, Oct 2025), s1.3 / Annex A","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Health Supplements Guidelines (GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. 020, Jan 2026), s8.1","quote":"Currently, HS are not subject to premarket approval and licensing by HSA for their importation, manufacture and sales in Singapore.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/digestive-enzymes","label":"iHerb Singapore — Digestive Enzymes category (default best-selling order); no dedicated papain category exists","quote":"California Gold Nutrition … NOW Foods … Enzymedica … Doctor's Best … 21st Century","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:27.496708+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}