{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"garlic","kind":"supplement","name":"garlic","aliases":["Allium sativum","aged garlic extract","Kyolic","allicin"],"brands_sg":["Kyolic","Allimax","NOW Foods","Lawry's","Micro Ingredients"],"class":"botanical","tags":["heart","immune"],"use_for":"small ldl and total-cholesterol changes if levels are high","use_after":"daily","use_duration":"pooled trials ran 8 weeks to 36 weeks","take_with":null,"pros":["used safely in studies lasting as long as 7 years","nccih: small ldl drop in people with high cholesterol","pooled trials cover powder, oil, tablets and aged forms"],"cons":["immune use: a 2022 review found only two weak studies","may raise bleeding risk — matters before surgery","breath and body odour, gut upset, allergy do happen"],"dose_note":"no single studied amount exists: the 21 trials pooled in the 2024 lipid meta-analysis ran 8 to 36 weeks across five different preparations — garlic powder, raw garlic, garlic tablets, aged garlic and garlic oil — with daily amounts in that table running from milligrams of standardised powder or oil up to 20 g of raw garlic; nccih gives no dose at all","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["on anticoagulants or aspirin — bleeding risk; tell your health care providers","surgery coming up — bleeding risk is the documented concern","pregnancy or breastfeeding — amounts above food levels may not be safe","not listed in hsa's annex a/b — hsa says that list is not exhaustive"],"clashes":[{"src":["nccih_garlic_bleeding"],"note":"nccih: garlic supplements may increase the risk of bleeding; especially relevant around surgery","with":"anticoagulants and aspirin"},{"src":["nccih_garlic_meds"],"note":"nccih: no specific drug named beyond blood thinners — some herbs and medicines interact in harmful ways","with":"medicines generally"}],"sources":[{"id":"nccih_garlic_lipids","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/garlic","label":"NCCIH — Garlic (What Have We Learned: cholesterol)","quote":"Garlic supplements may reduce levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to a small extent in people who have high blood cholesterol levels.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_garlic_immune","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/garlic","label":"NCCIH — Garlic (What Have We Learned: immune function)","quote":"very little research has been done on this topic. A 2022 review identified only two studies that suggest a possible benefit, and both studies included only small numbers of people and had weaknesses in the research.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_garlic_safety","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/garlic","label":"NCCIH — Garlic (What Do We Know About Safety: duration)","quote":"Garlic, taken orally, has been used safely in research studies that lasted as long as 7 years.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_garlic_sideeffects","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/garlic","label":"NCCIH — Garlic (Safety: side effects)","quote":"Side effects of garlic consumed orally include breath and body odor, abdominal pain, flatulence, and nausea. Some people have allergic reactions to garlic.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_garlic_bleeding","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/garlic","label":"NCCIH — Garlic (Safety: bleeding risk)","quote":"Taking garlic supplements may increase the risk of bleeding. If you take garlic supplements, make sure to tell your health care providers. This is especially important if you are going to have surgery","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_garlic_meds","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/garlic","label":"NCCIH — Garlic (Safety: drug interactions)","quote":"If you take anticoagulants, aspirin, or any other medicine, talk with your health care provider before using garlic or other herbal products; some herbs and medicines interact in harmful ways.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_garlic_pregnancy","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/garlic","label":"NCCIH — Garlic (Safety: pregnancy and breastfeeding)","quote":"Garlic may not be safe for use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding when taken orally in amounts greater than those found in foods.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"du2024_trials","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11308468","label":"Garlic consumption can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (Du et al., J Health Popul Nutr 2024; 21 RCTs) — preparations and duration","quote":"the intervention period ranged from 8 weeks to 36 weeks. Five different garlic preparations were tested in the trials, including garlic powder, raw garlic, garlic tablets, aged garlic, garlic oil","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"du2024_table1","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11308468","label":"Du et al. 2024 — Table 1, characteristics of the 21 included RCTs (daily amounts)","quote":"150 mg/d garlic powder … 900 mg/d garlic powder … 800 mg/d aged garlic … 250 mg/d garlic oil … 4 g/d raw garlic … 20 g/d garlic","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr_notlisted","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev 001 (Oct 2025), Annex A/B — searched, no row for this ingredient","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/garlic","label":"iHerb Singapore — Garlic Supplements category (default order, 1 - 48 of 103 results)","quote":"Kyolic, Aged Garlic Extract™, Cardiovascular Health, Original Formula 100 … Allimax, 100% Allicin Powder Capsules, 180 mg … NOW Foods, Garlic 5000 … Lawry's, Garlic Powder, 3.12 oz … Micro Ingredients, Odorless Aged Garlic Extract","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:19.87501+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}