{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"diosmin","kind":"supplement","name":"diosmin","aliases":["micronised purified flavonoid fraction","hesperidin","Daflon"],"brands_sg":["NOW Foods","Natural Factors","Vitacost","Solaray","Nature's Way"],"class":"flavonoid","tags":["heart"],"use_for":"leg pain, heaviness and swelling; haemorrhoid symptoms","use_after":null,"use_duration":"mpff ulcer trials ran 2 months in one, 6 in four more","take_with":null,"pros":["mpff carries grade a evidence for pain and heaviness","haemorrhoid trials: less bleeding, pain and itching","gut side effects ran level with placebo in pooling"],"cons":["cochrane grouped diosmine with hidrosmine — 11 trials","quality of life barely moved in the cochrane pooling","sg: hs cannot be sold to treat circulatory disease"],"dose_note":"the 2025 venoactive-compounds review tabulates diosmin at 300 to 600 mg a day and micronised purified flavonoid fraction (daflon) at 1000 mg a day; the venous-leg-ulcer trials it cites ran mpff 500 mg twice daily for 2 months in one trial and 6 months in four others","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["gastrointestinal disorders — heartburn and nausea were the reported events, at rates close to placebo","cochrane found phlebotonics as a class probably raise adverse events slightly versus placebo","sg: a health supplement cannot be sold to treat circulatory disease (hsa table 6)","not listed in hsa annex a or annex b — that is absence of a restriction, not a safety verdict"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"gloviczki2025","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12219339","label":"The role of venoactive compounds in the treatment of chronic venous disease (Gloviczki, Kakkos, Urbanek, Chuback, Nicolaides; J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2025) — Table I dosages and Table IV evidence grades","quote":"Micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) and Ruscus extract combined with hesperidin methyl chalcone and ascorbic acid had the highest, mostly level A, quality of evidence.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"sheikh2020","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC7467450","label":"Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction in Hemorrhoid Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Sheikh, Lohsiriwat, Shelygin; Advances in Therapy 2020)","quote":"MPFF was reported in most studies to be beneficial in treating bleeding, pain, pruritus, anal discharge/leakage, and tenesmus, and in overall improvement … these results suggest that MPFF treatment can improve the most important signs and symptoms of HD.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cochrane_phlebo2020","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC8094625","label":"Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency (Martinez-Zapata et al., Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020, CD003229.pub4)","quote":"Moderate-certainty evidence suggests that phlebotonics probably reduce oedema slightly in the lower legs, compared with placebo … probably make little or no difference in QoL … probably increase adverse events slightly","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_annex","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (Oct 2025), Annex A (105 rows) and Annex B (4 rows) — read from the cached PDF text on disk","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_tables","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines, GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), section 4.8 with Tables 4 and 5 (vitamins and minerals limits) — read from the cached PDF text on disk","quote":"HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_table6","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines, GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), section 6.6 and Table 6: diseases/conditions not allowed for health supplements — read from the cached PDF text on disk","quote":"HS must not be labelled, advertised or promoted for any specific medicinal purpose … Blood and circulatory system: Hypertension, stroke, cholesterol disorders, reduces cholesterol, regulates platelet aggregation, coagulation defects, arteriosclerosis","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/bioflavonoids","label":"iHerb Singapore — Bioflavonoids category page, default order, read 27 Aug 2026 via WebFetch (sg.iherb.com has no diosmin category; /c/diosmin returns 404)","quote":"Bioflavonoids … NOW Foods … Natural Factors … Vitacost … Solaray … Solaray … Vitacost … Nature's Way","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:18.585742+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}