{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"citrus-bioflavonoids","kind":"supplement","name":"citrus bioflavonoids","aliases":["bioflavonoid complex","hesperidin complex"],"brands_sg":["NOW Foods","Natural Factors","Vitacost","Solaray","Nature's Way"],"class":"flavonoid blend","tags":["heart"],"use_for":"small shifts in blood lipids and inflammation markers","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":null,"pros":["meta-analysis: ldl fell 0.22 mmol/l versus control","same pooling: lower crp and adhesion molecules","hesperidin is one half of mpff, a grade a venoactive"],"cons":["only 12 trials in 589 people — a small evidence base","venous data are for mpff or hmc, not plain complexes","no effect found on the other risk factors measured"],"dose_note":"no reference intake or upper limit exists; the 2024 meta-analysis pooled 12 randomised trials of hesperidin extracts or purified hesperidin in 589 people, and the 2025 venoactive-compounds review tabulates micronised purified flavonoid fraction — diosmin with hesperidin — at 1000 mg a day","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["the pooled trials are short and small — 12 trials, 589 people in total","sg: a health supplement cannot be sold to reduce cholesterol or for allergies (hsa table 6)","not listed in hsa annex a or annex b — that is absence of a restriction, not a safety verdict"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"huang2024","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11399677","label":"Effects of Citrus Flavanone Hesperidin Extracts or Purified Hesperidin Consumption on Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: an Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (Huang et al., Current Developments in Nutrition 2024)","quote":"We included 12 trials with 589 participants. We found evident effects of hesperidin on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD: -0.22 mmol/L) … and C-reactive protein … whereas no effects were found for other CVDRFs.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"gloviczki2025","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12219339","label":"The role of venoactive compounds in the treatment of chronic venous disease (Gloviczki, Kakkos, Urbanek, Chuback, Nicolaides; J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2025) — Table I dosages and Table IV evidence grades","quote":"Micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF) and Ruscus extract combined with hesperidin methyl chalcone and ascorbic acid had the highest, mostly level A, quality of evidence.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_annex","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (Oct 2025), Annex A (105 rows) and Annex B (4 rows) — read from the cached PDF text on disk","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_tables","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines, GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), section 4.8 with Tables 4 and 5 (vitamins and minerals limits) — read from the cached PDF text on disk","quote":"HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_table6","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines, GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), section 6.6 and Table 6: diseases/conditions not allowed for health supplements — read from the cached PDF text on disk","quote":"HS must not be labelled, advertised or promoted for any specific medicinal purpose … Blood and circulatory system: … cholesterol disorders, reduces cholesterol … Immune system: Leprosy, AIDS, allergies, immunisation","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/bioflavonoids","label":"iHerb Singapore — Bioflavonoids category page, default order, read 27 Aug 2026 via WebFetch","quote":"Bioflavonoids … NOW Foods … Natural Factors … Vitacost … Solaray … Solaray … Vitacost … Nature's Way","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:16.693643+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}