{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"citrus-bergamot","kind":"supplement","name":"citrus bergamot","aliases":["Citrus bergamia","bergamot polyphenols"],"brands_sg":[],"class":"botanical","tags":["heart"],"use_for":"lipid and waistline markers in trials of ≤600 mg/day","use_after":null,"use_duration":"trials run 4–12 weeks; longer use is untested","take_with":null,"pros":["11-RCT meta-analysis: lower weight, BMI and waist","lipid effects have several clinical studies behind them"],"cons":["pooled results very heterogeneous (I² = 90%)","vascular and anti-inflammatory data are preclinical","SG bars 'reduces cholesterol' claims on supplements"],"dose_note":"the 2026 meta-analysis found anthropometric changes mainly at 600 mg a day or less, over periods of 12 weeks or less","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["already on lipid medicines — bergamot is studied as an add-on to them","trials sit at 12 weeks or less — longer-term safety is untested"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"bergsr2026","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13243342","label":"Effect of Citrus bergamia Supplementation on Body Composition in Humans: systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs (Obesity Reviews 2026)","quote":"C. bergamia supplementation significantly decreased body weight (SMD: -0.64; 95% CI: -1.15, -0.13; p = 0.01; I2 = 90%) … significantly changed anthropometric parameters for periods of ≤ 12 weeks, at dosages of ≤ 600 mg/day","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"bergrev2025","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC12158049","label":"Unveiling the Power of Bergamot: Beyond Lipid-Lowering Effects (Nutrients 2025)","quote":"While lipid effects are supported by several clinical studies, evidence for vascular and inflammatory pathways is based mainly on preclinical studies … a promising adjunctive or alternative therapeutic option in specific clinical contexts","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines (Jan 2026), Tables 4 & 5 vitamin/mineral limits","quote":"HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_claims","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines (Jan 2026), Table 6 prohibited claims","quote":"HS must not be labelled, advertised or promoted for any specific medicinal purpose … Blood and circulatory system: Hypertension, stroke, cholesterol disorders, reduces cholesterol, regulates platelet aggregation","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on prohibited and restricted ingredients in HS and TM (Oct 2025), Annex A/B","quote":"A list of specific prohibited and restricted ingredients is provided in Annex A … This list is not exhaustive. Dealers should continue to: Conduct thorough safety assessments of their products","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:16.693643+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}