{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"chromium","kind":"supplement","name":"chromium","aliases":["chromium picolinate","GTF chromium"],"brands_sg":["California Gold Nutrition","NOW Foods","MRM Nutrition","Life Extension","Swanson Vitamins"],"class":"mineral","tags":["general","fitness"],"use_for":"insulin action, glucose/fat metabolism — limited evidence","use_after":"timing not addressed by nih ods","use_duration":null,"take_with":"water · picolinate absorbs ~1.2%, chloride ~0.4%","pros":["hsa allows 'healthy blood glucose' support claims","small daily need: ai 35 mcg men, 25 mcg women","picolinate absorbs ~1.2% vs ~0.4% for chloride"],"cons":["nih ods: insufficient rationale in type 2 diabetes","weight-loss effects have 'little clinical significance'","nih ods: supplements 'might cause' kidney, liver harm"],"dose_note":"us adequate intake 35 mcg (men) / 25 mcg (women) a day, 30 / 20 mcg over 50 — an ai, not an rda; no ul set: nih ods says no adverse effects have been linked to high intakes, yet says supplements 'might cause' renal failure, liver dysfunction and rhabdomyolysis; efsa (2014) found no convincing evidence chromium is even essential; fda daily value 35 mcg; hsa caps general-adult health supplements in singapore at 0.5 mg (500 mcg) a day; sg iherb listings run 200–500 mcg a capsule, at or under the cap","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mcg","fda_dv":35,"rda_ai":"35 mcg (men) · 25 mcg (women) — adequate intake, no rda","ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":500},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["on insulin, metformin or other glucose-lowering drugs — added hypoglycemia risk; ask your doctor first","on levothyroxine — chromium cuts its absorption; ask your pharmacist about spacing","kidney or liver disease — nih ods flags susceptibility to harm at high intakes; ask your doctor","over 0.5 mg (500 mcg) a day — above hsa's cap for sg health supplements"],"clashes":[{"src":["nih_ods_cr_drugs"],"note":"taken together could increase the risk of hypoglycemia","with":"insulin"},{"src":["nih_ods_cr_drugs"],"note":"might increase the risk of hypoglycemia","with":"metformin and other antidiabetes drugs"},{"src":["nih_ods_cr_drugs"],"note":"chromium decreases its absorption over 6 hours","with":"levothyroxine"},{"src":["nih_ods_cr_drugs"],"note":"increase chromium absorption","with":"aspirin (prostaglandin inhibitors)"},{"src":["nih_ods_cr_drugs"],"note":"inhibit chromium absorption","with":"antacids"}],"sources":[{"id":"nih_ods_cr_intro","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Chromium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: June 2, 2022) — Introduction (role; essentiality — FNB 2001 vs EFSA 2014)","quote":"potentiating insulin action … carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism … [EFSA, 2014] no convincing evidence shows that chromium is an essential nutrient … not an essential mineral because an absence or deficiency of chromium does not produce abnormalities that can be reversed","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_cr_ai","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Chromium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: June 2, 2022) — Table 1 Adequate Intakes","quote":"[AI] 19–50 years: Male 35 mcg, Female 25 mcg, Pregnancy 30 mcg, Lactation 45 mcg … 51+ years: Male 30 mcg, Female 20 mcg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_cr_supp","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Chromium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: June 2, 2022) — Dietary Supplements (forms, absorption)","quote":"chromium picolinate, chromium nicotinate, chromium polynicotinate, chromium chloride, and chromium histidinate … proportion of chromium absorbed from chromium picolinate is about 1.2%, whereas that from chromium chloride is about 0.4%","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_cr_health","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Chromium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: June 2, 2022) — Chromium and Health — impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes; weight loss","quote":"insufficient rationale to recommend chromium supplements for people with type 2 diabetes … [weight and lean body mass] effects have little clinical significance","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_cr_ul","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Chromium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: June 2, 2022) — Health Risks from Excessive Chromium (UL)","quote":"[the FNB] did not establish a UL for chromium … no adverse effects have been linked to high intakes","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_cr_risk","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Chromium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: June 2, 2022) — Health Risks from Excessive Chromium (case reports; susceptible groups)","quote":"chromium supplements might cause weight loss, anemia, thrombocytopenia, liver dysfunction, renal failure, rhabdomyolysis, dermatitis, and hypoglycemia … people with renal and liver disease might be susceptible to adverse effects from high chromium intakes","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_cr_drugs","url":"https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Chromium-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Chromium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals (Updated: June 2, 2022) — Interactions with Medications","quote":"Taking chromium concomitantly with insulin could increase the risk of hypoglycemia … [metformin and other antidiabetes medications] might increase the risk of hypoglycemia … decreases levothyroxine absorption over 6 hours … prostaglandin inhibitors, such as aspirin, increase chromium absorption … antacids inhibit","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"fda_dv","url":"https://www.fda.gov/food/nutrition-facts-label/daily-value-nutrition-and-supplement-facts-labels","label":"FDA — Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels, Reference Guide: Daily Values for Nutrients (content current as of 03/05/2024)","quote":"DVs are the recommended amounts of nutrients to consume or not to exceed each day … Chromium 35mcg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_limits","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), clause 4.8 + Table 5 Minerals Limits","quote":"4.8 HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5 … Table 5: Minerals Limits … Chromium 0.5 mg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_claims","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), List of Health Claims (vitamins and minerals)","quote":"6. Help support/maintain healthy blood glucose levels • Chromium … 90. Provide support for healthy glucose metabolism • Chromium","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_prohibited_2025","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (October 2025), Annex A","quote":"27. Chromium — Restricted use in HS and TM — Maximum Daily Dose: When for oral use by general adult population, the maximum recommended daily dose should not provide more than 0.5mg","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/chromium","label":"iHerb Singapore — Chromium category page (Supplements > Minerals > Chromium), default order, 81 results — positions 2, 3, 4, 7, 8","quote":"California Gold Nutrition, Sugar Balance Complex with Chromium … NOW Foods, Chromium Picolinate, 200 mcg … MRM Nutrition, Chromium Picolinate … (200 mcg per Capsule) … Life Extension, Optimized Chromium with Crominex® 3+, 500 mcg … Swanson Vitamins, Chromium Picolinate, 200 mcg","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:14.713299+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}