{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"black-seed-oil","kind":"supplement","name":"black seed oil","aliases":["Nigella sativa","kalonji","habbatus sauda","black cumin"],"brands_sg":["Life Extension","Amazing Herbs","NOW Foods","Zhou Nutrition","Source Naturals"],"class":"botanical oil","tags":["immune","general"],"use_for":"2016 review: fasting glucose fell in 13 of 23 trials","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":null,"pros":["23 trials, 1,531 people pooled in one 2016 review","fasting glucose and hba1c both fell in that pool","immunity: igg rose in animals, not tested in humans"],"cons":["blood pressure fell in 4 trials, not in 5","lipid results were controversial across the trials","liver-enzyme pooling was highly heterogeneous"],"dose_note":"none of these reviews reports a single studied amount that transfers to a label: the 2016 systematic review pools 23 clinical trials in 1,531 adults using different nigella sativa preparations and reports how many trials moved each marker rather than a dose, and the 2021 liver-enzyme meta-analysis pools 8 randomised controlled trials (281 on nigella sativa, 279 on placebo) with heterogeneity of 95.9% for ast and 97.8% for alt, which its authors say leaves the effect needing larger trials; the 2024 immune meta-analysis is in healthy animals, not people, so nothing in it is a human amount; hsa's october 2025 annex a (118 rows) and annex b (4 rows) do not list nigella sativa or black seed, and hsa's tables 4 and 5 cap vitamins and minerals only, so no singapore daily limit exists for it","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":null,"fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["on glucose-lowering medicine — fasting glucose and hba1c fell across the pooled trials","liver enzymes moved in the pooled rcts, and heterogeneity there was 95.9% and 97.8%","not listed in hsa's prohibited or restricted annexes — that is not a safety finding","no singapore daily limit — hsa tables 4–5 cover vitamins and minerals only"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"epmc_nigella_2016","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27904549","label":"Mohtashami & Entezari, Effects of Nigella sativa supplementation on blood parameters and anthropometric indices in adults: a systematic review on clinical trials (J Res Med Sci 2016, PMID 27904549) — results","quote":"In 4 trials, N. sativa reduced BP, but in 5 trials it could not. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) was reduced significantly in 13 studies. In addition, N. sativa reduced levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c).","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"epmc_nigella_2016_scope","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27904549","label":"Mohtashami & Entezari 2016 (PMID 27904549) — scope and conclusion","quote":"After analyzing 23 articles including 1531 participants … Our systematic review revealed that N. sativa supplementation might be effective in glycemic control in humans.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"epmc_nigella_2016_lipids","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/27904549","label":"Mohtashami & Entezari 2016 (PMID 27904549) — anthropometry and lipids","quote":"Although weight and waist circumference (WC) in 2 articles were reduced significantly, in 6 articles they were not. Fluctuation in lipid profile in the articles was very controversial, being significant in many of them but not in others.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"epmc_nigella_liver_2021","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33564654","label":"Azizi et al., The Effects of Nigella sativa Supplementation on Liver Enzymes Levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs (Clin Nutr Res 2021, PMID 33564654) — scope and result","quote":"Eight studies met inclusion criteria (n=281 in the N. sativa and n = 279 in placebo group). This meta-analysis showed that N. sativa supplementation significantly reduced AST level … while the decrease in ALT level was not statistically significant","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"epmc_nigella_liver_2021_het","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/33564654","label":"Azizi et al. 2021 (PMID 33564654) — heterogeneity and authors' caveat","quote":"significant heterogeneity (I-squared, 95.9%) … (I-squared, 97.8%) … more RCTs with larger sample size are needed to found effects of N. sativa on liver enzymes","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"epmc_nigella_immune_2024","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/38510007","label":"Alsalahi et al., Immune stimulatory effect of Nigella sativa in healthy animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis (Heliyon 2024, PMID 38510007)","quote":"Seventeen animal studies were eligible for analysis … NSS significantly increased serum titers of IgG and anti-SRBC antibodies … In conclusion, black seeds enhance humoral immunity in healthy animals but do not affect cellular immunity.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_prohibited","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (October 2025), Annex A (118 rows) and Annex B (4 rows) — Nigella sativa / black seed NOT LISTED in either (Annex A neighbours: 71. Mucuna, 74. Nicotinana)","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs_guidelines","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA Singapore — Health Supplements Guidelines GL-CHPB-3-001 Rev. No. 020 (January 2026), clause 4.8 with Tables 4–5 (vitamins and minerals only — no botanical or bee-product rows)","quote":"4.8 HS for use by the general adult population should not contain vitamins and minerals exceeding the stipulated limits stated in Tables 4 and 5.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/black-seed-oil","label":"iHerb Singapore — Black Seed Oil category page, default listing order","quote":"1 - 48 of 80 results … Life Extension, Black Cumin Seed Oil … Amazing Herbs, Premium Black Seed™ … NOW Foods, Black Cumin Seed Oil … Zhou Nutrition, Organic Black Seed Oil … Source Naturals, Black Seed Oil","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:12.75901+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}