{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"bacopa","kind":"supplement","name":"bacopa monnieri","aliases":["Bacopa monnieri","brahmi","Synapsa"],"brands_sg":["California Gold Nutrition","Nutricost","Doctor's Best","Himalaya","Nature's Answer"],"class":"herb / nootropic","tags":["cognitive"],"use_for":"limited human evidence — memory and cognition","use_after":"daily","use_duration":"trials ran four weeks to six months","take_with":null,"pros":["review: existing clinical trials are called promising","reported side effects are mostly mild and gut-related","no lab-parameter changes in the trials reviewed"],"cons":["small samples; some trials unblinded or uncontrolled","optimal dose, frequency and duration not established","diarrhoea, nausea, cramps and headache reported"],"dose_note":"the clinical trials in the 2024 review used a wide range of doses, from 150 to 640 mg, for four weeks to six months; one summary the review cites puts standard experimental human doses at 150–3000 mg a day; the review states that the optimal dose, frequency and duration have not been clearly established","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["gut upset is the commonest reported effect — usually mild","drug interactions are named by the review as still undefined","long-term trials are described as still needed"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"silva2024_conclusion","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Investigating the Neuroprotective and Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of Bacopa monnieri: A Systematic Review (Antioxidants 2024) — conclusion","quote":"the existing clinical trials show that the use of BM is promising in many brain disorders, there is still an urgent need for new studies that can define better doses … possible adverse events, or drug interactions","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"silva2024_limits","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Antioxidants 2024 Bacopa systematic review — dose range and treatment duration across included trials","quote":"a wide range of doses were used (from 150 to 640 mg), and the duration of the treatment ranged from four weeks to six months","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"silva2024_limits2","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Antioxidants 2024 Bacopa systematic review — limitations of the included studies","quote":"the included studies presented a small sample size, and some did not use a blinded investigation or comparison with a placebo","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"silva2024_ae","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Antioxidants 2024 Bacopa systematic review — adverse events reported in humans","quote":"the use by humans can be related to some adverse events (side effects) such as diarrhea, nausea, increased stool frequency, abdominal cramps, stomachache … headache, dizziness, anxiety, insomnia, dry mouth, increased appetite","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"silva2024_ae2","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Antioxidants 2024 Bacopa systematic review — most common adverse events","quote":"the most common clinical adverse events are mild gastrointestinal complaints, but long-term randomized clinical trials are still necessary to achieve secure doses and reduce adverse events","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"silva2024_labs","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Antioxidants 2024 Bacopa systematic review — laboratory parameters","quote":"no modifications in laboratory parameters were found along with the intervention studies","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"silva2024_dose_human","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Antioxidants 2024 Bacopa systematic review — standard experimental human doses","quote":"According to Aguiar and Borowski, the standard experimental doses in humans are between 150 and 3000 mg daily","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"silva2024_dose_unclear","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11047749","label":"Antioxidants 2024 Bacopa systematic review — gaps in dosing evidence","quote":"the optimal dose, frequency, and duration of BM administration have not been clearly established","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_prohibited_2025","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in Health Supplements and Traditional Medicines, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. No. 001 (Oct 2025)","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list [Bacopa monnieri / brahmi not listed in Annex A or B]","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/bacopa","label":"iHerb Singapore — Bacopa category (default order); first 5 distinct brands: California Gold Nutrition, Nutricost, Doctor's Best, Himalaya, Nature's Answer","quote":"Bacopa Extract, 320 mg, 120 Veggie Capsules … Bacopa Monnieri, 120 Capsules (500 mg per Capsule) … Bacopa, 320 mg, 60 Veggie Caps … Organic Bacopa, 60 Caplets … Bacopa, 500 mg, 90 Vegetarian Capsules","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:12.75901+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}