{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"arnica","kind":"supplement","name":"arnica","aliases":["Arnica montana"],"brands_sg":["Boiron","Homeolab USA","Boericke & Tafel","MediNatura","Hyland's Naturals"],"class":"botanical","tags":["bone-joint"],"use_for":"topical gel studied for bruising and post-injury pain","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":"nothing — the studied forms go on the skin, not in it","pros":["topical arnica gel was well tolerated in the trials","long traditional use for sprains and contusions"],"cons":["pooled effect vs placebo was small, g=0.18, p=0.059","swallowed, it can widen vessels and stall blood flow","the surgery trials used homeopathic dilutions"],"dose_note":"trial gels contained 50 g of A. montana tincture per 100 g of gel (tincture 1:20 in 50% ethanol); the postoperative trials used homeopathic dilutions instead, not a herbal dose","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":null,"fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["Asteraceae (daisy family) allergy — one gel trial had an allergic reaction","swallowing arnica preparations is not what the topical trials tested","Singapore — not named in HSA's prohibited/restricted annex, and that annex is not exhaustive"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"arnica_review","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC11548638","label":"Effects of Arnica Phytotherapeutic and Homeopathic Formulations on Traumatic Injuries and Inflammatory Conditions: A Systematic Review (Plants 2024)","quote":"A. montana is usually administered topically in pharmacological doses, or orally in very diluted doses … when ingested this herbal remedy can induce vascular dilation, blood stasis, and increased capillary permeability","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"arnica_meta","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC8718509","label":"Is Homeopathic Arnica Effective for Postoperative Recovery? A Meta-analysis of Placebo-Controlled and Active Comparator Trials (Front Surg 2021)","quote":"The metaanalysis of the placebo-controlled trials yielded an overall effect size of Hedge's g = 0.18 (95% confidence interval −0.007/0.373; p = 0.059)","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on prohibited and restricted ingredients in health supplements and traditional medicines (Oct 2025), Annex A","quote":"The objective of this guideline is to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines (Jan 2026), Table 4 Vitamins Limits / Table 5 Minerals Limits","quote":"Table 4: Vitamins Limits — Nutrient / Maximum Daily Limit … Table 5: Minerals Limits — Nutrient / Maximum Daily Limit","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/arnica","label":"iHerb Singapore — Arnica Montana category page, default order (29 products)","quote":"Arnica Montana … Boiron … Boiron … Boiron … Homeolab USA … Boiron … Boericke & Tafel … MediNatura … Boiron … Hyland's Naturals … MediNatura … Herb Pharm","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":null,"updated_at":"2026-08-29T16:16:10.48466+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}