{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"apigenin","kind":"supplement","name":"apigenin","aliases":["chamomile flavone"],"brands_sg":["California Gold Nutrition","Nutricost","Swanson Vitamins","Codeage","Vitamatic"],"class":"flavonoid","tags":["sleep","cognitive"],"use_for":"limited human evidence — chamomile is what trials test","use_after":null,"use_duration":null,"take_with":null,"pros":["one RCT used 400 mg chamomile at 1.2% apigenin","not named in HSA's prohibited or restricted annexes"],"cons":["NCCIH: one insomnia study found no benefit","trials test chamomile extract, not isolated apigenin","no RDA, no upper limit, no SG cap set"],"dose_note":"a 12-week triple-blind trial used 400 mg chamomile capsules standardized to 1.2% apigenin; no isolated-apigenin dose is established","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"mg","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold or daisy allergy — reactions reported","pregnancy or breastfeeding — little is known about chamomile","no upper limit set — absence of a cap is not safety"],"clashes":[{"src":["nccih_chamomile"],"note":"interactions reported for chamomile; NCCIH advises checking with a provider","with":"warfarin"},{"src":["nccih_chamomile"],"note":"preliminary studies suggest chamomile may decrease their effect","with":"birth control pills"},{"src":["nccih_chamomile"],"note":"theoretical interaction flagged by NCCIH; not tested for apigenin alone","with":"sedatives"}],"sources":[{"id":"nccih_chamomile","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/chamomile","label":"NIH NCCIH — Chamomile: Usefulness and Safety","quote":"There's very little information on chamomile's effect on insomnia. A 2019 review of chamomile use found one study on insomnia, which found no benefit from its use for this sleep disorder.","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cham_rct","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/MED/41761999","label":"Effect of Matricaria chamomilla on Quality of Life Among Women with Menopausal Symptoms: Triple-Blind RCT (J Integr Complement Med 2026)","quote":"80 postmenopausal women aged 47-62 years were randomly assigned to receive either 400 mg Chamomile capsules daily (standardized to 1.2% apigenin) or placebo for 12 weeks","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"cham_meta","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PPR/PPR1267015","label":"Effectiveness of Lesser Known Herbal Sedatives for Insomnia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2026) — PREPRINT, not peer-reviewed","quote":"Subgroup analysis showed larger effects for chamomile (SMD −1.06) … Most RCTs had high overall risk of bias … substantial heterogeneity (I²=92%)","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on prohibited and restricted ingredients in health supplements and traditional medicines (Oct 2025), Annexes A and B","quote":"Annex A: List of substances which are prohibited or restricted for use with conditions … Annex B: List of substances with potential safety issues [apigenin appears in neither annex]","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines (Jan 2026), Tables 4–5 vitamin and mineral limits","quote":"Table 4: Vitamins Limits … Table 5: Minerals Limits [neither table names apigenin]","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/apigenin","label":"iHerb Singapore — Apigenin category page (Supplements > Herbs), default order","quote":"Nutricost, Apigenin, 50 mg, 180 Capsules … Swanson Vitamins, Apigenin, 50 mg, 90 Capsules … Codeage, Liposomal Apigenin, Phospholipid Complex, 90 Vegetable Capsules","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":[{"brand":"Codeage","example":null,"programme":"NSF Certified for Sport","matching_products":0,"brand_total_certified":1}],"updated_at":"2026-08-30T17:59:38.376296+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}