{"ok":true,"entry":{"slug":"akkermansia-muciniphila","kind":"supplement","name":"akkermansia muciniphila","aliases":["Akkermansia","pasteurised Akkermansia"],"brands_sg":["California Gold Nutrition","21st Century","Garden of Life","NOW Foods","Lemme"],"class":"probiotic","tags":["gut"],"use_for":"limited human evidence — one trial missed its endpoint","use_after":"daily","use_duration":"the metabolic-syndrome trial ran 4 months","take_with":"water · human trials used pasteurised, not live, cells","pros":["one 142-adult rct, not just animal work","glp-1 rose over placebo after 3 months","biggest shifts in people low in gut akkermansia"],"cons":["primary endpoint, insulin sensitivity, was not met","human evidence is a single metabolic-syndrome trial","most other data is animal or mechanistic"],"dose_note":"the 4-month trial used capsules of 30 billion pasteurised a. muciniphila muc-t cells a day in 142 adults with metabolic syndrome, and reported gains mainly in the subgroup with low baseline akkermansia; no rda, ul or fda dv exists for live or pasteurised microorganisms; hsa sets no daily limit and akkermansia does not appear on its prohibited/restricted annexes","dosage":{"ul":null,"unit":"CFU/day","fda_dv":null,"rda_ai":null,"ul_status":"none_established","population":"general adult","hsa_max_daily":null},"ul_status":"none_established","sg_class":null,"cautions":["severely ill or immunocompromised — bacteremia and fungemia reported; ask your doctor first","preterm infants — fda warns of severe, potentially fatal infection; a hospital decision only","in intensive care or with a central line — the reported cases cluster there; ask your doctor"],"clashes":[],"sources":[{"id":"akk_rct2026","url":"https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13313273","label":"Effect of pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila MucT on insulin sensitivity, body composition and GLP-1 production in subjects with metabolic syndrome (Gut Microbes 2026; n=142, NCT05114018)","quote":"The primary endpoint of whole-body insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) did not differ after 4-months of daily administration of capsules containing 30 billion cells of pasteurized A. muciniphila MucT compared to placebo in the intention-to-treat subjects","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_prob_strain","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/2026/https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Probiotics-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Probiotics Fact Sheet for Health Professionals — Identification / Mechanisms of action (read via archive.org; ods.od.nih.gov is Cloudflare-blocked)","quote":"Because the effects of probiotics can be specific to certain probiotic strains, recommendations for their use in the clinic need to be strain-specific … Probiotics may transiently colonize the human gut mucosa in highly individualized patterns","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_prob_cfu","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/2026/https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Probiotics-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Probiotics Fact Sheet for Health Professionals — Dietary Supplements (CFU labelling, shelf life)","quote":"Many probiotic supplements contain 1 to 10 billion CFU per dose, but some products contain 50 billion CFU or more. However, products with higher CFU counts are not necessarily more effective","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_prob_shelf","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/2026/https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Probiotics-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Probiotics Fact Sheet for Health Professionals — Dietary Supplements (viability at end of shelf life)","quote":"probiotics must be consumed alive … users should look for products labeled with the number of CFU at the end of the product's shelf life, not at the time of manufacture","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nih_ods_prob_safety","url":"https://web.archive.org/web/2026/https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Probiotics-HealthProfessional/","label":"NIH ODS — Probiotics Fact Sheet for Health Professionals — Safety Considerations","quote":"Probiotics are unlikely to cause harm in healthy people, and side effects are usually minor … linked to a few cases of bacteremia, fungemia, and infections … most of these cases involved individuals who were severely ill or immunocompromised","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_prob_types","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/probiotics-what-you-need-to-know","label":"NIH NCCIH — Probiotics: Usefulness and Safety — What types of bacteria are in probiotics?","quote":"Different types of probiotics may have different effects. For example, if a specific kind of Lactobacillus helps prevent an illness, that doesn't necessarily mean that another kind of Lactobacillus … would do the same thing","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"nccih_prob_harm","url":"https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/probiotics-what-you-need-to-know","label":"NIH NCCIH — Probiotics: Usefulness and Safety — Can probiotics be harmful? / FDA 2023 preterm warning","quote":"The risk of harmful effects from probiotics is greater in people with severe illnesses or compromised immune systems … the FDA warned health care providers that premature infants who are given probiotics are at risk of severe, potentially fatal infections","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_hs","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-hs-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Health Supplements Guidelines (January 2026), s3.1 working definition; Table 2 microbial limits; Tables 4–5 cover vitamins and minerals only","quote":"Vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, enzymes, probiotics and other bioactive substances … The above limits for total aerobic microbial count, and yeast and mould may not be applicable to certain products such as probiotics","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"hsa_pr","url":"https://file.go.gov.sg/hsa-chp-prohibited-restricted-ing-guidelines.pdf","label":"HSA — Guidelines on Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients in HS and TM, GL-CHPB-1-012 Rev. 001 (October 2025), clause 1.3 + Annex A/B","quote":"to highlight the substances of concern when used in HS and TM and is not meant to be an exhaustive list [no probiotic, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus or Akkermansia row appears in Annex A or B]","accessed":"2026-08-27"},{"id":"iherb_sg","url":"https://sg.iherb.com/c/probiotics","label":"iHerb Singapore — 'Probiotic Supplements for Gut Health' category page, default order (page now Cloudflare-blocked; row carried over from the KB's probiotics entry, same access date)","quote":"California Gold Nutrition, LactoBif® 30 Probiotics … 21st Century, Cranberry Plus Probiotic … Garden of Life, Dr. Formulated Probiotics, Once Daily Women's, 50 Billion … NOW Foods, Probiotic-10™ … Lemme, Purr, Vaginal Probiotic Gummies","accessed":"2026-08-27"}],"brand_certs":[{"brand":"Garden of Life","example":null,"programme":"NSF Certified for Sport","matching_products":0,"brand_total_certified":23},{"brand":"Lemme","example":null,"programme":"NSF Certified for Sport","matching_products":0,"brand_total_certified":1}],"updated_at":"2026-08-30T17:59:39.960259+08:00"},"disclaimer":"kozen-x is not a medical device and does not give medical advice. it lists what published sources have written down. absence of a record is not the same as safe."}